Acoustic, phonetic, and phonological features of Drehu vowels.

This study presents an acoustic investigation of the vowel inventory of Drehu (Southern Oceanic Linkage), spoken in New Caledonia. Reportedly, Drehu has a 14 vowel system distinguishing seven vowel qualities and an additional length distinction. Previous phonological descriptions were based on impressionistic accounts showing divergent proposals for two out of seven reported vowel qualities. This study presents the first phonetic investigation of Drehu vowels based on acoustic data from eight speakers. To examine the phonetic correlates of the proposed phonological vowel inventory, multi-point acoustic analyses were used, and vowel inherent spectral change (VISC) was investigated (F1, F2, and F3). Additionally, vowel duration was measured. Contrary to reports from other studies on VISC in monophthongs, we find that monophthongs in Drehu are mostly steady state. We propose a revised vowel inventory and focus on the acoustic description of open-mid /ɛ/ and the central vowel /ə/, whose status was previously unclear. Additionally, we find that vowel quality stands orthogonal to vowel quantity by demonstrating that the phonological vowel length distinction is primarily based on a duration cue rather than formant structure. Finally, we report the acoustic properties of the seven vowel qualities that were identified.

Kangaroo care: Benefits, challenges, and future perspectives in neonatal care. An integrative review / Método canguro: Beneficios, desafíos y perspectivas futuras en el cuidado neonatal. Una revisión integrativa / Cuidado canguru: benefícios, desafios e perspectivas futuras na assistência neonatal. Uma revisão integrativa

Objective: To review current scientific evidence on the physiological effects of kangaroo care, explore barriers and facilitators to its implementation, and identify areas requiring further research. Materials and methods: An integrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases without language restrictions. Studies included quantitative and qualitative review studies. Critical appraisal of studies was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Results: Sixteen studies were analyzed, providing heterogeneous support for the efficacy of kangaroo care  in improving various neonatal physiological parameters including heart rate, body temperature, and oxygen saturation. Major barriers to implementation included restricted visiting hours, healthcare staff workload, negative cultural beliefs, lack of information and empowerment for mothers, and limited involvement of fathers. Conclusions: kangaroo care positively impacts premature or low birth weight neonatal development, though implementation is influenced by sociocultural factors. Further research is needed to better assess real effects on neonatal physiological parameters. Additional qualitative studies could aid in developing culturally adapted strategies to optimize kangaroo care implementation across contexts by better understanding family and medical team perspectives.

Objetivo. El objetivo es revisar la evidencia científica actual sobre los efectos fisiológicos del método canguro, explorar las barreras y facilitadores para su aplicación, además de identificar áreas de conocimiento aún no exploradas. Materiales y métodos. Revisión Integrativa, que incluyó estudios de revisión cuantitativos y cualitativos, en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Cochrane, sin restricción de idioma. La valoración crítica de los estudios se realizó con la herramienta del Joanna Briggs Institute. Resultados. Se analizaron 16 estudios, entre los cuales se encontró evidencia que respalda la eficacia del método canguro en la mejora de diversos parámetros fisiológicos del neonato. Entre estos parámetros se encuentran la frecuencia cardíaca, la temperatura corporal y la saturación de oxígeno. Sin embargo, los resultados son heterogéneos. Las principales barreras para la implementación del método canguro incluyen: restricciones de las horas de visita, carga de trabajo del personal sanitario, creencias culturales negativas, falta de información y empoderamiento de las madres, además de la limitada participación de los padres. Conclusiones. El método canguro tiene un impacto positivo en el desarrollo los neonatos prematuros o de bajo peso. Sin embargo, su implementación se ve afectada por diversos factores socioculturales. Futuras investigaciones deben identificar los efectos reales sobre los parámetros fisiológicos del neonato.  Se necesitan estudios cualitativos para comprender mejor las perspectivas de las familias, de los equipos médicos, y así desarrollar estrategias de adaptación cultural que optimicen la aplicación del este método en diferentes contextos.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é revisar as evidências científicas atuais sobre os efeitos fisiológicos do Método Canguru, explorar as barreiras e facilitadores para sua aplicação, além de identificar áreas do conhecimento ainda não exploradas.Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa, incluindo estudos de revisão quantitativa e qualitativa, nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e Cochrane, sem restrição de idioma. A avaliação crítica dos estudos foi conduzida com a ferramenta Joanna Briggs Institute.Resultados: Foram analisados 16 estudos, nos quais foram encontradas evidências que sustentam a eficácia do Método Canguru na melhoria de diversos parâmetros fisiológicos do recém-nascido, tais como frequência cardíaca, temperatura corporal e saturação de oxigênio. No entanto, os resultados apresentaram heterogeneidade. As principais barreiras à implementação do Método Canguru incluem restrições nos horários de visita, carga de trabalho do pessoal de saúde, crenças culturais negativas, falta de informação e empoderamento das mães, além da participação limitada dos pais.Conclusões: O Método Canguru demonstrou ter impacto positivo no desenvolvimento de neonatos prematuros ou de baixo peso. Contudo, sua implementação é afetada por diversos fatores socioculturais. Pesquisas futuras devem identificar os reais efeitos nos parâmetros fisiológicos do neonato. Estudos qualitativos são necessários para melhor compreender as perspectivas das famílias e das equipes médicas, visando desenvolver estratégias de adaptação cultural que otimizem a aplicação deste método em diferentes contextos.

Characterization and prognostic factors of children with sepsis in a high complexity hospital. / Caracterización y factores pronósticos de niños con sepsis en un hospital de alta complejidad.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with sepsis admitted to a high-complexity healthcare center in Latin America. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Descriptive observational study. Patients between one month to 17 years of age with sepsis diagnosis were included. Studied variables included demographics, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and treatment administered, determining predictors of mortality. A descriptive analysis was performed using the Chi-square or Fisher test. RESULTS: 186 patients were included and 72% of them had comorbidities. Respiratory disease was the most frequent source of sepsis (29%), followed by gastrointestinal infection (11%) and catheter-related bacteremia (11%). 60% of patients had at least one organ dysfunction, the most frequent being respiratory dysfunction (70%). 60% of the patients presented multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Blood cultures showed a positive result in 37% of cases. The two most common first-hour interventions included IV resuscitation fluids (67%) and antibiotics (36%). Vasopressor support and mechanical ventilation were used in 33% and 34% of patients, respectively. Overall mortality was 12% and was higher in patients diagnosed with MODS (59%) or who presented with some organ dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Organ dysfunction was frequent. Patients with some type of organ dysfunction or MODS presented higher mortality. Despite global and institutional guidelines focused on improving diagnosis and treatment, in less than half of the patients sepsis was adequately detected and first-hour IV fluids and antibiotics administration rates were below 70%.

Diagnóstico da gestão, estrutura, organização e oferta de atividades de esporte e lazer no estado de Rondônia / Diagnosis of the management, structure, organization and supply of sports and leisure activities in the state of Rondônia

O trabalho apresenta um diagnóstico relativo à gestão, estrutura, organização de esporte e lazer no estado de Rondônia. Realizou-se uma pesquisa exploratória descritiva, com a utilização de métodos qualitativos, junto a gestores de esporte e lazer dos municípios do estado de Rondônia. A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado contendo 14 questões que tinham como objetivo identificar o perfil sociodemográfico dos gestores de esporte e lazer e as ações sociais de esporte e lazer da localidade. A pesquisa mostrou que a maioria tem formação em ensino superior, com predominância no curso de Educação Física; são homens, com média de idade de 47 anos. A experiência em gestão ficou entre 1 e 2 anos de prática. Os principais critérios assinalados para o uso dos espaços de esporte e lazer foram "Agendamento" prévio e "Gestão Compartilhada".

The work presents a diagnosis related to the management, structure, organization of sport and leisure in the state of Rondônia. a descriptive exploratory research was carried out, using qualitative methods, with sports and leisure managers from the municipalities of the state of Rondônia. The sample was selected for convenience. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire containing 14 questions was used to identify the sociodemographic profile of sport and leisure managers and the social actions of sport and leisure in the locality. The research showed that the majority have higher education training, predominantly in the Physical Education course; are men, with a mean age of 47 years. Management experience was between 1 and 2 years of practice. The main criteria indicated for the use of sports and leisure spaces were prior "Scheduling" and "Shared Management".

Identifying age- and sex-specific COVID-19 mortality trends over time in six countries.

OBJECTIVES: The COVID-19 pandemic is characterized by successive waves that each developed differently over time and through space. We aim to provide an in-depth analysis of the evolution of COVID-19 mortality during 2020 and 2021 in a selection of countries. METHODS: We focus on five European countries and the United States. Using standardized and age-specific mortality rates, we address variations in COVID-19 mortality within and between countries, and demographic characteristics and seasonality patterns. RESULTS: Our results highlight periods of acceleration and deceleration in the pace of COVID-19 mortality, with substantial differences across countries. Periods of stabilization were identified during summer (especially in 2020) among the European countries analyzed but not in the United States. The latter stands out as the study population with the highest COVID-19 mortality at young ages. In general, COVID-19 mortality is highest at old ages, particularly during winter. Compared with women, men have higher COVID-19 mortality rates at most ages and in most seasons. CONCLUSION: There is seasonality in COVID-19 mortality for both sexes at all ages, characterized by higher rates during winter. In 2021, the highest COVID-19 mortality rates continued to be observed at ages 75+, despite vaccinations having targeted those ages specifically.

Caracterización epidemiológica de pacientes operados por fractura de escápula en Hospital Traumatológico de Concepción durante los años 2019-2022 / Epidemiological characteristics of patients operated for scapular fracture at Hospital Traumatologico de Concepción during the years 2019-2022

Introducción: Las fracturas de escápula tienen una baja frecuencia, se presentan mayoritariamente en población joven tras traumatismos de alta energía. Su tratamiento historicamente ha sido conservador, sin embargo, el tratamiento quirúrgico ha demostrado mejores resultados funcionales en pacientes seleccionados, siendo la indicación quirúrgica aún controversial. La literatura sobre los pacientes tratados de forma quirúrgica es escasa. Objetico general: Caracterizar a los pacientes operados por fractura de escapula en Hospital Traumatológico de Concepción durante los años 2019-2022. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo que incluye a pacientes operados por fractura de escápula en el Hospital Traumatológico de Concepción durante los años 2019 al 2022, considerando las variables sexo, edad, lateralidad, mecanismo de lesión y lesiones asociadas. Resultados: Se estudiaron 20 pacientes de los cuales 90% fueron hombres, registrándose un promedio de edad de 41 años, sin diferencias significativas en su lateralidad. Los principales mecanismos de lesión fueron accidentes de tránsito y caídas de altura, existiendo lesiones asociadas sólo en 45% de los casos. Conclusión: Las fracturas de escápula tienen alto impacto en la funcionalidad de la extremidad afectada, por lo que su tratamiento hoy en día esta evolucionando hacia uno quirúrgico en pacientes seleccionados, con el fin de obtener mejores resultados funcionales. Los pacientes operados son mayoritariamente adultos de edad media de sexo masculino, con fracturas secundarias a traumatismos de alta energía y presencia de lesiones asociadas de baja morbimortalidad.

Introduction: Scapula fractures have a low frequency. They occur mainly in the young population after high-energy trauma. Its treatment has historically been conservative; however, surgical treatment has shown better functional results in selected patients, the surgical indication being still controversial. The literature on patients treated surgically is scarce. General Objective: Characterize the patients operated on for scapular fracture at the Hospital Traumatológico de Concepción during the years 2019-2022. Materials and methods: Descriptive study that includes patients operated on for scapula fracture at the Concepción Trauma Hospital during the years 2019 to 2022, considering the variables sex, age, laterality, mechanism of injury and associated injuries. Results: Twenty patients were studied, of whom 90% were men, recording an average age of 41 years, with right scapula fracture being slightly more frequent than left. The main mechanisms of injury were traffic accidents and falls from a height, with associated injuries only in 45% of the cases. Conclusion: Scapula fractures have a high impact on the functionality of the affected limb, so their treatment today is evolving towards surgery in selected patients, in order to obtain better functional results. The patients operated on are mostly middle-aged male adults, with fractures secondary to high-energy trauma and the presence of associated lesions with low morbidity and mortality.

Políticas públicas de esporte e lazer: da teoria aos programas e projetos de intervenção / Public policies on sports and leisure: from theory to intervention programs and projects

Apesar dos termos "esporte" e "lazer" frequentemente caminharem juntos tanto nos aportes legais quanto nas produções científicas e discursos políticos, e ser irrefutável a afinidade entre eles, é importante considerar que estas duas manifestações não se confundem do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico. Isto porque, nem sempre o esporte é lazer; e o lazer não se resume a esporte. Ponderando o exposto, este artigo tem como objetivo estabelecer relação entre alguns aspectos teóricos de lazer, esporte recreativo e os programas e projetos do governo para o setor. Apresenta-se um recorrido que se inicia com concepções teóricas sobre as políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no Brasil, chegando a alguns projetos e programas para sua efetivação.

Despite the terms "sport" and "leisure" often go together both in legal contributions and in scientific productions and political discourses, and the affinity between them is irrefutable, it is important to consider that these two manifestations are not confused from a theoretical-methodological. This is because, sport is not always leisure; and leisure is not just about sport. Considering the above, this article aims to establish a relationship between some theoretical aspects of leisure, recreational sport and government programs and projects for the sector. A tour is presented that begins with theoretical conceptions about public policies on sport and leisure in Brazil, arriving at some projects and programs for their implementation.

Recent trends and technological development in plasma as an emerging and promising technology for food biosystems.

The rising need for wholesome, fresh, safe and "minimally-processed" foods has led to pioneering research activities in the emerging non-thermal technology of food processing. Cold plasma is such an innovative and promising technology that offers several potential applications in the food industry. It uses the highly reactive, energetic and charged gas molecules and species to decontaminate the food and package surfaces and preserve the foods without causing thermal damage to the nutritional and quality attributes of food. Cold plasma technology showed promising results about the inactivation of pathogens in the food industry without affecting the food quality. It is highly effective for surface decontamination of fruits and vegetables, but extensive research is required before its commercial utilization. Recent patents are focused on the applications of cold plasma in food processing and preservation. However, further studies are strongly needed to scale up this technology for future commercialization and understand plasma physics for getting better results and expand the applications and benefits. This review summarizes the emerging trends of cold plasma along with its recent applications in the food industry to extend shelf life and improve the quality of food. It also gives an overview of plasma generation and principles including mechanism of action. Further, the patents based on cold plasma technology have also been highlighted comprehensively for the first time.

The demography of COVID-19 deaths database, a gateway to well-documented international data.

National authorities publish COVID-19 death counts, which are extensively re-circulated and compared; but data are generally poorly sourced and documented. Academics and stakeholders need tools to assess data quality and to track data-related discrepancies for comparability over time or across countries. "The Demography of COVID-19 Deaths" database aims at bridging this gap. It provides COVID-19 death counts along with associated documentation, which includes the exact data sources and points out issues of quality and coverage of the data. The database - launched in April 2020 and continuously updated - contains daily cumulative death counts attributable to COVID-19 broken down by sex and age, place and date of occurrence of the death. Data and metadata undergo quality control checks prior to online release. As of mid-December 2021, it covers 21 countries in Europe and beyond. It is open access at a bilingual (English and French) website with content intended for expert users and non-specialists ( https://dc-covid.site.ined.fr/en/ ; figshare: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5807027 ). Data and metadata are available for each country separately and pooled over all countries.

Models of clinical care delivery for geriatric oncology in Canada and the United States: A survey of geriatric oncology care providers.

BACKGROUND: Geriatric assessment (GA) can help improve patient care and outcomes. There are increasing numbers of centres in Canada and the United States (U.S.) which provide geriatric oncology services, but the distribution and structure of these clinics is unclear. This study sought to identify and describe outpatient geriatric oncology clinics in Canada and the U.S. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 30-question survey was administered electronically to clinics identified by the authors, through a search of the internet and from members of geriatric oncology community of practices in Canada and the U.S. Additional clinics were identified via a snowball method. Descriptive statistics were used. An exploratory analysis of factors associated with higher volumes of patients seen was done using a two sample t-test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for categorical variables and simple linear regression for continuous variables. RESULTS: Nineteen clinics (5 in Canada, 14 in U.S.) responded. Median duration in operation was 5 years (range < 1 to 25 years). More than a third (36.8%) were run by a geriatric oncologist alone, 36.8% had input from both geriatrics and oncology, while 21.1% had access to only one of the disciplines. The majority of clinics had nursing, social work and pharmacy involvement, with fewer having physiotherapy and dieticians. Just over half (53%) had an age cut-off for referral to their clinic. Fitness for treatment was the most common reason for referral. Clinics saw a median of 188 consults per year (range 0-1000). Clinics which have been operating longer (p = 0.002), those that took less time to complete a GA (p = 0.03), and those in which individual components of the GA were assessed by each discipline, rather than by one point person (p = 0.02), saw more new consults annually. CONCLUSION: There has been a growth of geriatric oncology services in Canada and the U.S. within the last five years. The composition and structure of clinics varies widely though the majority have both geriatrics and oncology expertise. Support to build more geriatric oncology services is needed to reach more older adults with cancer. This study provides some insight into ways to structure these clinics.

Fundamental Frequency and Regional Variation in Lifou French.

This study presents two experiments aimed at investigating tune-to-text alignment and pitch scaling in Lifou French, a variety spoken by bilingual speakers of French and Drehu. Descriptions of New Caledonian French have focussed on language use of European descendants or the variety spoken in the urban region, neglecting emergent varieties spoken by the indigenous population in rural areas, like the island Lifou. Due to the reduced inventory of pitch accents, dialectal variation in French intonation has proved to be difficult to detect, which has led to the assumption that French has a relatively homogeneous intonation system across its varieties. This study shows that fine-grained phonetic differences in speaking tempo and at the level of tonal alignment as well as in the scaling of AP-final peaks can be attributed to dialectal variation.

Electroencefalograma cuantitativo en la predicción precoz de la isquemia cerebral tardía en hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática: reporte de un caso / Quantitative electroencephalogram for prediction of delayed ischemia in subarachnoid haemorrhage: report of one case

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with a mortality rate of 35%. Among patients who survive the initial bleeding, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Electroencephalography (EEG) can detect cerebral ischemia in the early stages. We report a 66-year-old female patient who consulted for ictal headache and impaired consciousness. On admission, she was confused, dysarthric, and with meningeal signs. Brain angio-CT showed SAH FISHER IV and an aneurysm of the left posterior cerebral artery. After excluding the aneurysm (by coiling), the patient recovered the altered consciousness. Continuous EEG monitoring was initiated. On the sixth day of follow up, she had a transient headache and apathy. The brain MRI showed low cerebral blood flow in the left frontotemporal area, without ischemic lesions. On the seventh day, she presented expression aphasia and right facial-brachial paresis. Angiography confirmed severe vasospasm in M1 and M2 segments bilaterally. Pharmacological angioplasty with nimodipine was performed, with an excellent radiological response, although not clinical. A second MRI was carried out on the eighth day, which showed a left insular infarction and generalized vasospasm. A second therapeutic angiography was performed; the patient persisted with aphasia and left central facial paresis. The quantitative EEG analysis performed retrospectively showed a generalized reduction in the spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95; meaning slowing in the EEG signal) at the fourth day of follow up, three days earlier than the clinical and imaging diagnosis of DCI was established.

[Quantitative electroencephalogram for prediction of delayed ischemia in subarachnoid haemorrhage. Report of one case]. / Electroencefalograma cuantitativo en la predicción precoz de la isquemia cerebral tardía en hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática.Reporte de un caso.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating disease, with a mortality rate of 35%. Among patients who survive the initial bleeding, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality is delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). Electroencephalography (EEG) can detect cerebral ischemia in the early stages. We report a 66-year-old female patient who consulted for ictal headache and impaired consciousness. On admission, she was confused, dysarthric, and with meningeal signs. Brain angio-CT showed SAH FISHER IV and an aneurysm of the left posterior cerebral artery. After excluding the aneurysm (by coiling), the patient recovered the altered consciousness. Continuous EEG monitoring was initiated. On the sixth day of follow up, she had a transient headache and apathy. The brain MRI showed low cerebral blood flow in the left frontotemporal area, without ischemic lesions. On the seventh day, she presented expression aphasia and right facial-brachial paresis. Angiography confirmed severe vasospasm in M1 and M2 segments bilaterally. Pharmacological angioplasty with nimodipine was performed, with an excellent radiological response, although not clinical. A second MRI was carried out on the eighth day, which showed a left insular infarction and generalized vasospasm. A second therapeutic angiography was performed; the patient persisted with aphasia and left central facial paresis. The quantitative EEG analysis performed retrospectively showed a generalized reduction in the spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95; meaning slowing in the EEG signal) at the fourth day of follow up, three days earlier than the clinical and imaging diagnosis of DCI was established.

Análise dos espaços públicos de esporte e lazer: um ensaio a partir da informação imagética / Analysis of the public spaces of sport and leisure: a test from imaging information

As metodologias atuais para estudo da qualidade dos espaços públicos de esporte e lazer consideram as dimensões espaciais e a existência de algum tipo de infraestrutura físico-técnica específica, além de outras, relativas a conforto, segurança e acessibilidade. As anotações destas variáveis ocorrem de modo descritivo. Por outro lado, sabe-se que as imagens trazem consigo uma força persuasiva que advém dos achados. Justifica-se este ensaio considerando-se as limitações qualitativas das metodologias de avaliação atuais para analisar com rigor de detalhes, alguns ambientes de esporte recreativo e lazer. Propõe-se o uso da fotografia como recurso técnico para estudos voltados a estes tipos de espaços. Pretende ser uma contribuição inicial para análise dos espaços esportivos de lazer, podendo ser utilizado tanto como técnica independente quanto como instrumento complementar das metodologias existentes.

Current methodologies for the study of the quality of public sports and leisure spaces consider the spatial dimensions and the existence of some kind of specific physical-technical infrastructure, in addition to others relating to comfort, safety and accessibility. The annotations of these variables occur descriptively. On the other hand, it is known that the images bring with them a persuasive force that comes from the findings. This essay is justified by considering the qualitative limitations of current assessment methodologies to analyze with detail some recreational and sports environments. The use of photography is proposed as a technical resource for studies focused on these types of spaces. It is intended as an initial contribution to the analysis of leisure sports spaces, and can be used as an independent technique or as a complementary instrument to existing methodologies.

Prevenção de recaídas baseada em mindfulness no tratamento do tabagismo - Brasil / Relapse Prevention Based on Mindfulness in the Treatment of Tobacco Dependence - Brazil / Prevención de recaídas basada en Mindfulness en el tratamiento del tabaquismo - Brasil

Resumo Realizou-se um ensaio clínico randomizado com o objetivo de analisar os efeitos de um programa de Prevenção de Recaídas baseado em mindfulness no tratamento do tabagismo. O estudo foi conduzido no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e Drogas (CAPSad) em 2017 na cidade de Porto Velho, capital de Rondônia, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa 52 pacientes em tratamento para o tabagismo, com idades entre 29 a 60 anos de ambos os sexos, usuários apenas de tabaco. Para a realização deste trabalho foram formados dois grupos: G1=experimental e G2=controle, ambos formados por 26 cada um. No pré-teste, os dados mostraram não haver diferença significativa entre esses dois grupos. Na comparação do pós-teste ocorreu uma diferença significativa na diminuição dos sintomas de ansiedade (p = 0,043) e nível de monóxido de carbono-CO2 (p = 0,03) nos pulmões dos participantes. No resultado da análise de proporção, houve diferença no G1 pós-intervenção com diminuição de sintomas de ansiedade (p == <0,001), depressão (p = 0,012) e monóxido de carbono (p = <0,001), respectivamente. Estes achados mostraram efeitos significativos do mindfulness para a pre- venção de recaídas e diminuição de sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e nível de monóxido de carbono nos pulmões, no G1 pós-intervenção nos pacientes fumantes e fumantes dependentes em tratamento no CAPSad.

Abstract A randomized clinical trial was conducted to analyze the effects of a Mindful-ness-based relapse prevention program for tobacco dependence treatment. The study was conducted at the Center for Psychosocial Care of Alcohol and Drugs (CAPSad), in the city of Porto Velho, capital of Rondônia, Brazil, 2017. 52 patients aged between 29 to 60, of both sexes, who were only tobacco users, participated in the research. To carry out this study, two groups were made up: G1 = experimental and G2 = control, both consisted of 26 people. In the pre-test, the data showed that there was no significant difference between these two groups. In the post-test comparison, there was a considerable difference in the reduction of anxiety symptoms (p = 0.043) and carbon monoxide-CO2 level (p = 0.03) in the lungs of smoking patients. In the result of the proportion analysis, there was a difference in G1 post-intervention with decreased symptoms of anxiety (p = <0.001), depression (p = 0.012) and carbon monoxide (p = <0.001), respectively. These fin-dings showed significant effects of mindfulness in preventing relapse and reducing symptoms of anxiety, depression and carbon monoxide level the post-intervention group of smokers and dependent smokers treated at CAPSad.

Resumen Se realizó un ensayo clínico aleatorizado con el objetivo de analizar los efectos de un programa de prevención de recaídas basado en Mindfulness para el tratamiento del tabaquismo. El estudio se realizó en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial del Alcohol y las Drogas (CAPSad), en 2017, en la ciudad de Porto Velho, capital de Rondônia, Brasil. Participaron en la investigación 52 pacientes, de ambos sexos, con edades comprendi-das entre 29 y 60 años, consumidores de tabaco solamente. Para la realización de este trabajo, se formaron dos grupos: G1 = experimental y G2 = control, formados por 26 personas cada uno. En la prueba previa, los datos mostraron que no había diferencia significativa entre los grupos. En la comparación de los resultados en la prueba pos-terior se halló una diferencia significativa en la reducción de los síntomas de ansiedad (p = 0.043) y en el nível de monóxido de carbono-CO2 (p = 0.03) em los pulmones de los participantes. Como resultado del análisis de proporciones, se presentó una diferencia en el G1 en la prueba posterior, con síntomas disminuidos de ansiedad (p = <0.001), depresión (p = 0.012) y monóxido de carbono (<0.001), respectivamente. Estos hallazgos mostraron los efectos significativos del mindfulness para la pre-vención de recaídas y reducción de los síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y nível de monóxido de carbono em los pulmones, en el grupo de experimento posterior a la intervención en fumadores y fumadores dependientes que reciben tratamiento en el CAPSad.

Presentación de GeriatriApp: una app para la evaluación geriátrica integral en español / Introducing GeriatriApp: App in Spanish for a comprehensive geriatric assessment

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The alignment of F0 tonal targets under changes in speech rate in Drehu.

This study investigates fundamental frequency alignment to segmental landmarks in Drehu, an Oceanic language. The authors present a production experiment that aimed to evaluate the marking of prosodic prominence, and in particular, the tonal marking of prominence, within the autosegmental-metrical phonology, since stress and prominence system of the language has not been phonetically investigated. A rate manipulation paradigm was chosen to test the segmental anchoring hypothesis, namely, to see whether prominence lending tonal movements exhibit a constant slope due to rate manipulation and whether tonal targets can be associated to segmental anchoring points in the speech stream. The authors find that a rising tonal movement, between a word initial low (L), and a word final high (H) tone, is the most frequent tonal pattern. The word initial L tone seeks to align with the left edge whereas the H tone, at the right edge, seeks to anchor to the last full syllable. In fast speech, tonal targets are produced closer together but the slope remains constant in both speech rates. High tones seek to anchor to the word-final syllable, yet not to any specific segment which suggests a weak version of the segmental anchoring hypothesis applies.

Accrual of older adults to cancer clinical trials led by the Canadian cancer trials group - Is trial design a barrier?

BACKGROUND: Older adults (OA), aged 65 years and over, are under-represented in studies. Strict exclusion criteria have been identified as a potential barrier to accrual of OA. This study aims to determine: 1) whether accrual of OA to trials led by the Canadian Cancer Trials Group (CCTG) has increased since 2003; 2) whether exclusion criteria have broadened over time; 3) whether exclusion criteria are associated with lower accrual of OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phase III and randomized phase II CCTG-led trials initiated from 1990 onwards were included. Trial protocols were reviewed for exclusion criteria. Associations between trial characteristics and percentage of OA accrued were compared using multivariate linear regression modelling. The frequency of exclusion criteria in trials initiated pre- and post-2003 was compared using the Chi-Square test or Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Sixty-nine trials involving 34,957 patients were included. Accrual of OA to trials remained low compared to OA diagnosed with cancer in Canada (40.8% vs. 56.1%, p < .001). There was a small increase in the accrual of OA since 2003 (42.8% vs. 39.3%, p = .04). There was no relaxation of exclusion criteria over time. Studies initiated prior to 2003, breast cancer studies and studies with exclusion criteria based on renal dysfunction were associated with lower accrual of OA (p < .05). Central nervous system studies were associated with higher accrual of OA (p = .03). CONCLUSION: OA remain under-represented in trials. While there has been minimal change in exclusion criteria over time, renal dysfunction was the only exclusion criteria associated with lower accrual of OA.